Yoga Sūtra 4.22-24: Puruṣa can recognize itself in Citta
11.4.2020

The perceptual space (chitta) mediates between the outside world and the pure essence (purusha). This can only be recognized through the reflexion of citta within itself.

Yoga Sutra 4: On Inner Freedom
Yoga Sutra 4.22-24: Call & Response recitation by Dr. Ronald Steiner of Yoga Sūtra chapter 4 sentence 22-24 (11.4.2020)

chiter apratisankramayas tad-akarapattau sva-buddhi-samvedanam ||22||
चितेरप्रतिसंक्रमायस्तदाकारापत्तौ स्वबुद्धिसंवेदनम् ॥२२॥
citer apratisaṁkramāyas tad-ākārāpattau sva-buddhi-saṁvedanam ॥22॥

citeḥgenitive singular
citisubstantive masculine
the thinking mind, in this example a synonym to Puruṣa , the essence of being
citisubstantive masculine
citverbal root
the thinking mind
citverbal rootperceive, notice, observe
apratisaṁkramāyaḥablative / genitive absolutive singular
apratisaṁkramaadjective
here: being untouched
apratisaṁkramaadjective
aprevixpratisaṁkramaadjective / substantive masculine
not having any mixing
aprevixnegation
pratisaṁkramaadjective / substantive masculine
pratiprevixsamprevixkramverbal root
dissolution, coming back, return
pratiprefzutoback, to, against, in contrast
samprevixtogether, with, completely
kramverbal rootstride, walk, step on
tadtatpuru.sa~~-compound genitive
tatpronoun 3rd person
it
tapronoun 3rd personit
ākāratatpuru.sa~~-compound lokative
ākārasubstantive masculine
form, shape
ākārasubstantive masculine
āprevixkr̥verbal root
form, shape, external appearance
āprevixclose, towards
kr̥verbal rootdo, accomplish, carry out
āpattaulokative absolutive singular
āpattisubstantive feminine
transition
āpattisubstantive feminine
āpadverb
conversion, the occurrence
āpadverb
āprevixpadverbal root
come in, join
āprevixclose, toward
padverbal rootfall, fall down, perish, bring down
svakarmadhāraya-compound
svaadverb
own
svaadverbown
buddhitatpuru.sa~~-compound genitive
buddhisubstantive feminine
insight, reason, mind
buddhisubstantive feminine
budhverbal root
insight, mind
budhverbal rootawaken, wake up, come to one’s senses, notice, pay attention to
saṁvedanamnominative singular
saṁvedanasubstantive neuter
be conscious of
saṁvedanasubstantive neuter
samprevixvidverbal root
recognition, become aware of
samprevixtogether, with
vidverbal rootto get to know sth. or s/o, recognize, know, understand

The unchangeable essence of being (puruṣa) can only perceive itself through reflection in a changeable perceptual space (citta).

Dr. Ronald Steiner - modern transfer

When the untouched mind (citi) [, the essence of being (puruṣa)] changes into the form of this [perceptual space (citta)], awareness arises from one’s own rationality (sva-buddhi).

Dr. Ronald Steiner - historic word by word translation

Indem der unwandelbare Purusha in die Gestalt seines Cittam eingeht, gelangt er zum Bewußtsein seiner eigenen Buddhi.

Paul Deussen - 1908

The self-knowledge of cognition takes place when the intelligence (soul) which is non-transeunt acquires the shape of understanding.

James R. Ballantyne - 1852

drashtri-drishyoparaktam chittam sarvartham ||23||
द्रष्टृदृश्योपरक्तं चित्तं सर्वार्थम् ॥२३॥
draṣṭr̥-dr̥śyoparaktaṁ cittaṁ sarvārtham ॥23॥

draṣṭr̥dvandva-compound
draṣṭr̥substantive masculine
the Seer
draṣṭr̥substantive masculine
dr̥śverbal root
the Seer, one who sees
dr̥śverbal rootsee, catch sight of
dr̥śitatpuru.sa~~-compound ablative
dr̥śisubstantive feminine
visible
dr̥śisubstantive feminine
dr̥śverbal root
seeing, looking, eye
dr̥śverbal rootsee, catch sight of
uparaktamnominative singular neuter
uparaktaadjective
dyed
uparaktaadjective
upaprevixrañjverbal root
dyed
upaprevixclose, under, at, beside
rañjverbal rootchange color, turn red, get excited
cittamnominative singular neuter
cittasubstantive neuter
perceptual space
cittasubstantive neuter
citverbal root
thinking, thoughts, mind, spirit
citverbal rootperceive, notice, observe
sarvakarmadhāraya-compound
sarvaadjective
all
sarvaadjectiveall
arthamnominative singular
arthasubstantive neuter
purpose, goal
arthasubstantive neuterpurpose, goal

In your perceptual space (citta) you recognize one one hand the outside world, on the other hand a reflection of your true nature.

Dr. Ronald Steiner - modern transfer

The perceptual space (citta) [is] colored by the visible (dr̥śi) [object (vastu)] and through the seeing (draṣṭr̥) [essence of being (puruṣa)]. [So the perceptual space (citta) is able to fulfill] all purposes (sarva-artha).

Dr. Ronald Steiner - historic word by word translation

Überfärbt von dem Purusha und dem Objekte, wird das Cittam fähig, alle Zwecke zu vollbringen.

Paul Deussen - 1908

The thinking principle (i.e. intellect) tinged by the knower and the knowledge is the totality of objects.

James R. Ballantyne - 1852

tad asankhyeya-vasanabhish chitram api parartham sanhatya-karitvat ||24||
तदसंख्येयवासनाभिश्चित्रमपि परार्थं संहत्यकारित्वात् ॥२४॥
tad asaṁkhyeya-vāsanābhiś citram api parārthaṁ saṁhatya-kāritvāt ॥24॥

tatnominative singular neuter
tatpronoun 3rd person
this one, refers to the cittam
tapronoun 3rd personthis
asaṁkhyeyakarmadhāraya-compound
asaṁkhyeyaadjective
countless
asaṁkhyeyaadjective
aprevixsamprevixkhyāverbal root
countless, innumerable
aprevixnegation
samprevixtogether, with, completely
khyāverbal rootto be known, make known, look, see
vāsanābhiḥinstrumental case plural
vāsanāsubstantive feminine
old impressions
vāsanāsubstantive feminine
vasverbal root
the impression received by and remained within the spirit
vasverbal rootto stay in one place, halt, stay overnight, linger, stop
citram nominative singular
citraadjective
filled
citraadjective
citverbal roottrasuffix
obvious, visible, colorful, multi-colored, moved
citverbal rootperceive, notice
trasuffixKr̥t suffix: the means or instrument of an action, also expresses instrumentalization
api
apiparticle
even
parārthamnominative singular
parārthaadjective
to have more than one purpose
parārthaadjective
paraprevixarthasubstantive masculine
to have more than one purpose
paraprevixforwards, forth
arthasubstantive masculinegoal, purpose
saṁhatyatatpuru.sa~~-compound genitive
saṁhatyaadjective
connected
saṁhatyaadjective
samprevixhatyasubstantive neuter
connected
samprevixtogether, with, completely
hatyasubstantive neuter
hanverbal root
killing, slaughtering
hanverbal rootbeat, hit, kill, slay
kāritvātablative singular
kāritaadjectivetvasuffix neuter
instigation
kāritaadjective
kr̥verbal root
instigated, evoked
kr̥verbal rootdo sth., accomplish, carry out
tvasuffixNomen Abstraktum: -ly

The real purpose of the perceptual space (citta) is to discern between the essence of being (puruṣa) and the innumerable impressions (vāsanā) with which it is filled.

Dr. Ronald Steiner - modern transfer

Although this [perceptual space (citta) is filled with countless impressions (vāsanā), [it] has a different purpose (parārtha), the initiation of the connection [of the perceptual space (citta) and the essence of being (puruṣa)].

Dr. Ronald Steiner - historic word by word translation

Obgleich das Cittam mit unzähligen Eindrücken erfüllt ist, dient es doch nur einem fremden Zwecke, weil es als ein Aggregat wirkt.

Paul Deussen - 1908

Though variegated by innumerable impressions (mental deposits) it exists for the sake of another because it operates in association.

James R. Ballantyne - 1852

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